Vietnam, Lê dynasty, 15th century
Between the 15th and 16th centuries, a distinctive type of ceramic water vessel became popular across East and Southeast Asia. These vessels, shaped like two water birds, are generally believed to have originated in China’s Ming dynasty and were produced contemporaneously in Vietnam, Thailand, and other major kiln centers. Numerous surviving artifacts and shipwreck recoveries attest to their widespread use. The designs of these bird-shaped water vessels vary greatly—some large enough to rival pouring water while others are as small as water droplets. They also depict various postures: pairs facing forward, birds with intertwined necks, and a female bird grooming the plumage of a male (as observed in this artifact).
Vietnamese ceramic water vessels from this period often feature circular rims, refined necks, and rounded bodies. Compared with similar double-bird forms from other countries, Vietnamese artisans emphasized a stronger sense of three-dimensionality and meticulous detail, such as the positions of the heads, tails, and feather texture, showcasing distinctive craftsmanship and sculptural prowess. In this artifact, parts of the male bird’s crest, beak, and both birds’ tail feathers are left unglazed, revealing the clay body. Upon close inspection, scraping marks can be observed in these areas, suggesting that they were originally adorned with gold leaf. Some similar extant pieces are also decorated with intricate blue-and-white motifs.