25.2 cm (vertical) × 543.9 cm (horizontal)

 

Dong Qichang expressed great satisfaction with his work, stating, “When compared to the original, it can almost be mistaken for it.” However, the exact nature of this “original” has been a subject of little attention in the past. Through an analysis of unique features such as missing characters, omitted characters, errors, additions, and corrections, it can be concluded that Dong’s source was likely the version of “Shiqi Modelbook” from Yuqingzhai Fatie (Yu Qing Studio Modelbook). This discovery not only refines the chronological upper limit of Dong’s work but also sheds light on the cultural and historical context of the late Ming dynasty when Wei Daofu’s version of Shiqi Modelbook was in circulation. Furthermore, it provides new insights into Dong’s dual emphases on textual research and modeling on the past in his approach to ancient calligraphy.

 

Dong Qichang’s Free-copy of the Shih-ch’i Tieh was based on a Shiqi Modelbook compiled by Dong’s friend, Wu Ting (post-1549–pre-1635), the owner of Yu Qing Studio, and given to Dong as a gift. Dong’s calligraphy is masterful and transcendent, making this work a treasured masterpiece. The missing and omitted characters reflect the damaged or blurred state of the original manuscript, while errors arise from occasional slips of the brush. The added and corrected characters reveal Dong’s extensive experience in calligraphy appreciation and practice. This work is not a simple, faithful replication but rather a combination of copying and creative reinterpretation, showcasing Dong’s innate talent and efforts made to improve his calligraphy skills. The work also highlights his extensive social connections and privileged access to rare materials. His methodology, emphasizing both historical research and modeling on the past, is also fully evident in this piece.